Educational practices used by nurses in primary health care

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the educational practices used by nurses in primary health care, highlighting their contributions, challenges, and their role in promoting the health and autonomy of the population. This is a reflective, qualitative research study based on a critical analysis of studies from the BVS databases (LILACS, MEDLINE, SciELO). The combined search ensured comprehensiveness, articulating evidence, theories, and health policies for a deeper understanding of the topic. The descriptors "Health Education," "Nursing," and "Primary Health Care" were used, with a time frame from 2020 to 2025. After an initial screening, 13 studies were selected for content analysis. It was evident that nurses use participatory strategies, such as discussion groups, operational groups, and individual consultations, considered soft technologies for empowerment and strengthening community ties. The nurse plays a leading role, using participatory strategies to empower and engage the community, but faces overload, lack of resources, and a rigid care model that limits their emancipatory role. The adoption of active methodologies has proven more effective. Educational practices conducted by nurses are essential for the effectiveness of primary health care. Despite the challenges, investing in training and institutional support is essential to consolidate health education, promote co-responsibility, empowerment, and strengthen a comprehensive and humanized primary health care system.